FC UM Type Ram BOP 21 1/4" 10000psi Forging Type Blowout Preventer

Introduction to FC UM-type Ram Blowout Preventer (FC UM-type Ram BOP)

The FC UM-type Ram Blowout Preventer is a key well control equipment in oil and gas drilling, workover, and well testing operations. Specifically designed for wellbore pressure control and blowout prevention, it provides reliable safety guarantees for various downhole operations through its robust structure, precise hydraulic drive, and wide adaptability.

Core Features

• Full Forged Structure for Durability: Core components such as the BOP body, bonnets, and ram blocks are forged from high-strength alloy steel, reinforced by heat treatment, and exhibit excellent impact and high-pressure resistance. The rams adopt a forged U-type design with outstanding strength and toughness, adapting to sealing and shearing requirements under complex working conditions.
• Wide Range of Bore Sizes and Pressure Ratings: Bore size specifications include 7 1/16", 9", 11", 13 5/8", 16 3/4", 18 3/4", 20 3/4", 21 1/4", 26 3/4", etc., matching different wellbore and string sizes. The rated working pressure ranges from 2000psi (13.8MPa) to 15000psi (103.4MPa), meeting medium-high to high-pressure operation requirements.
• Precise Oil Passage-Driven Bonnet Design: The bonnets feature a hinge-free structure, fully controlled by the linkage between hydraulic oil passages and opening/closing piston rods. The core logic is "opening the rams closes the bonnets, and closing the rams opens the bonnets". When opening, high-pressure oil (8.4~10.5MPa) is injected into the BOP's closing oil passage hole, which enters the opening/closing piston rod to push the bonnets to sliding open. When closing, high-pressure oil is injected into the opening oil passage, driving the bonnets to sliding close and fit the body. The operation is precise and labor-saving.
• Dual Protection for Sealing Performance: Initial sealing is formed through four key sealing points (ram top seal with body, front seal with string/itself, body with bonnet, and ram shaft with bonnet). Downhole pressure can push the rams to fit the sealing surface furtherly, achieving pressure-assisted sealing. Equipped with a secondary sealing mechanism, emergency remediation can be performed by grease injection when the sealing ring is damaged, avoiding leakage escalation.
• Strong Functional Adaptability: Compatible with various ram types including pipe rams, blind rams, shear rams, and variable-bore rams, it can realize functions such as annular space sealing, full wellbore sealing, and emergency string shearing. Some models support tripping operations. The rams are compatible with standard tubing, drill pipes, drill collars, and other downhole tools, meeting multi-scenario operation requirements.
• Corrosion Resistance, Compliance, and Easy Maintenance: Metal components in contact with well fluid undergo anti-corrosion treatment, and flanges and sealing surfaces are overlay-welded with stainless steel, complying with NACE MR-0175 standard for sulfide stress cracking resistance. The hydraulic oil circuit adopts a body-embedded design to avoid external damage. The bonnets are hydraulically driven to sliding open, enabling quick access to wearing parts for on-site replacement with high efficiency, reducing downtime significantly.

Opening Methods and Bonnet Operation

• Ram Opening Methods

  1. Hydraulic Direct Opening: When manual locking is not activated, inject 8.4~10.5MPa high-pressure oil into the ram opening cavity through the hydraulic control system to push the piston, driving the ram shaft and ram assembly away from the wellhead center, and quickly opening the wellbore (simultaneously closing the bonnets).
  2. Hydraulic Opening After Manual Unlocking: When the ram is locked by the manual locking device, first rotate the handwheel counterclockwise to drive the locking shaft to the end, then turn back 1/8~1/4 turn to prevent jamming due to temperature changes. Subsequently, supply pressure to the opening cavity to drive the ram to open (simultaneously closing the bonnets). This is the only effective way to unlock the locked ram.

• Bonnet Opening Operation (Requires Closing the Rams)

  First, loosen the bonnet fixing bolts, then inject hydraulic oil into the BOP's closing oil passage hole. The hydraulic oil enters the opening/closing piston rod, pushing the bonnets to slide and separate from the body, exposing the ram cavity for maintenance operations.

• Bonnet Closing Operation (Requires Opening the Rams)

  Inject hydraulic oil into the BOP's opening oil passage, which enters the opening/closing piston rod to push the bonnets to slide and reset to fit the body sealing surface. After confirming proper fitting, evenly tighten the bonnet fixing bolts to complete sealing and fixing.

Wellhead Installation and Inspection

Pre-Installation Inspection

• Verify the BOP's pressure test qualification certificate, confirm that the ram specifications match the downhole drilling tool size, and ensure the sealing rubber packer is free of damage and aging.
• Check that the sealing ring grooves of the wellhead flange and BOP flange are intact, free of protrusions, scratches, and other defects, and clean impurities on the flange surface.
• Field Test: Fill the BOP with water, test opening and closing the rams once to verify the linkage logic of “opening the rams closes the bonnets, and closing the rams opens the bonnets". Test the bonnet translation function to ensure consistency between oil passage injection and bonnet movement without jamming.

Wellhead Installation Steps

• Flange Connection: Apply thread grease meeting ISO 13678 requirements to the bolts, and tighten them evenly diagonally in three stages (50% torque for the first time, 100% for the second time, and re-tightening for the third time). The torque must comply with the corresponding specification requirements.
• Pipeline and Component Connection: Connect the hydraulic control pipelines, clearly mark the "opening/closing oil passages" corresponding to ram operation and bonnet drive to ensure consistency with the indication of master control unit. Connect the manual operating lever to ensure flexible operation of the manual locking mechanism. Install kill and choke manifolds to ensure tight sealing of interfaces.

Post-Installation Inspection

• Confirm the BOP is installed in the correct direction (lifting lugs at the top), and all bolts are properly tightened without loosening.
• Test the linkage between rams and bonnets with a control pressure of 2~3MPa: the bonnets should open synchronously when closing the rams, and close synchronously when opening the rams. Verify consistency between the indication of master control unit and actual movements.
• Test the manual locking mechanism, record the number of handwheel rotations during well closing and mark it with a tag. After the test, unlock and hydraulically open the rams (bonnets close synchronously).
• Conduct a full-system pressure test on the wellhead equipment, with the test pressure meeting operation requirements. Re-tighten all connecting bolts after the pressure test. Recheck the bonnet sealing condition to ensure no leakage.

Usage Methods

• Specialized Operation and Management: Assign personnel with "Three Understandings and Four Capabilities" (understand principles, performance, and processes; be able to operate, maintain, service, and troubleshoot faults) to be responsible for the BOP. Unauthorized personnel are prohibited from operating it. Focus on mastering the operation logic of oil passages corresponding to bonnets/rams.
• Standardized Operating Pressure: When there is no string in the well, the hydraulic control pressure for testing the closing of pipe rams shall not exceed 3MPa. When there is a string in the well, it is strictly prohibited to close the blind rams and shear rams.
• Use of Manual Locking: For long-term well sealing, first hydraulically close the rams (bonnets open synchronously), then lock the rams with the manual locking device, and place a warning tag on the master control unit and control panel to prevent misoperation.
• Regular Maintenance and Inspection: After entering the target zone, test the linkage function between rams and bonnets daily. Conduct a blind ram opening/closing test after each tripping operation (when there is no string in the well). Regularly check the opening/closing piston rods, oil passage smoothness, and sealing condition, and replace aging rubber packers as required.
• Fault Handling: In case of abnormal linkage between rams and bonnets or sealing leakage, first relieve pressure and identify the cause (such as oil passage blockage, piston rod jamming, or sealing ring damage). It is strictly prohibited to disassemble the bonnets or force operation under pressure to avoid component damage.